l allan



H. L. ALLAN.

OIL REFINING APPARATUS.

APPHCATION FILED APR-18,1916.

Patented pt 13, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET l- H. L. ALLAN.

OIL REFINING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED APR-18, 191's.

1,390 742 PatentedSept. 13, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED, STATES HUGH LOGIE ALLAN, on AYR, SCOTLAND.

OIL-REFINING ArPARATUs.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 13, 1921.

Application filed April 18, 1916. Serial No. 92,026.

To all whom it my concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH Loom ALLAN, a subject of the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and resident of 46 Park Circus, Ayr, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Refining Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the fractional distillation and dephlegmation of petroleum or other hydrocarbons or mixture of liquids of different boiling points including shale and coal distillates hereafter described as substances.

The invention relates particularly to the operations referred to namely the continuous fractionation and continuous dephlegmation of substances as hereinbefore described.

Existing plants of this general type merely fractionate, the present invention refractionates and dephlegmates; further existing apparatus called dephlegmators are designed so that portions of the substance vaporized are continually and recurringly condensed and returned to the original substance and the original substance by this method gradually becomes a concentrate of fractions with higher boiling points than those which are desired in the distillate, or distillates.

The'continual return of condensed lighter fractions to the said concentrated substance makes this method of separation of the various fractions desired laborious as regards time, limits the capacity of the-plant, is expensive in fuel and is less eflicient in every way than the present invention.

The present invention provides improved means of progressively separating the various fractions of differentboiling points and density in the substances quoted in a cheaper and more efficient manner than heretofore known.

,No part or portion of the substance (substances) evaporated returns to the vessel or still from which it is originally evaporated but goes progressively forward through as many units proposed by the present invention as may be necessary to obtain the quality of product desired. 5

A very large portion of the substance evaporated goes forward as stated and is not condensed until it reaches the unit or units where it is ultimately desired and hence has -not been subjected to the frequent and expensive condensations and revaporations of the older or existing methods.

The present invention utilizes the latent heat of the fractions condensed in each unit to assist the forward movement of lighter fractions and very little additional heat is required to maintain the revaporation necessary in each unit.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawing which shows by way of example a single unit of an apparatus, capable of carrying out the functions herein set forth.

Figure 1 is an elevation of the apparatuspartly in section.

Fig. 2 is an elevationlooking at right angles to Fig. 1.

l is a cast iron or steel vessel of suitable dimensions or form which acts as container and concentrator of condensed fractions; 2, 3 are metal tubes of convenient dimension and shape or design which condense the vapors passing through them either by the quired to revaporate such fractions as may 7 not be desired in a particular unit.

10 is an open steam pipe through which steam can be admitted to the apparatus to further concentrate the contents or fraction condensed in the vessel 1, 11 is a gage glass, 12 an exit pipe fitted to run off to suitable receiver, condensed fractions when desired.

The gases or vapors, from any form of still distilling substances as mentioned, enter the apparatus through header or connecting box 7, pass via tube 2 into 1 and thence through tube 3 and header or connecting box 8 to the next unit or ultimately, to a water condenser.

The whole apparatus is inclosed in suitable building to protect from extreme weather variations.

Claim.

An oil refining apparatus, comprising in combination a plurality of vaporizing units, uptake pipes extending from said units,

downcomer pipes opening into said units pipes an anti-splash device disposed at the and connections for connecting the uptake end of said pipes; and a collecting tray for pipes of one unit to the downtake pipes of collecting the cooling liquid. the adjacent unit, means for heating said v HUGH LOGIE ALLAN.

5 units and means for cooling said downcomer Witnesses:

pipes, which comprises cooling liquid dis- HUGH ALEXANDER LYON LAIDLAW, tributers surrounding the upper ends of said CHARLES FREDERICK CLIFTON. 

